浅谈水泥厂节能减排措施

Talking about the Measures of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction in Cement Plant

1、水泥窑纯低温余热发电

纯低温余热发电技术，即是在新型干法生产线生产过程中，通过余热回收装置——余热锅炉将大量低品位的废气余热进行回收换热，产生过热蒸气推动汽轮机实现热能——机械能的转换，再带动发电机发出电能，并供给水泥生产过程中的用电负荷。从而不仅大大提高了生产过程中能源的利用水平，对于保护环境，提高企业的经济效益，提升产品的市场竞争力，起到了巨大的促进作用。

1. Cement kiln pure low-temperature waste heat power generation

Pure low-temperature waste heat power generation technology, that is to recover a large number of low-grade exhaust waste heat through the waste heat recovery device - waste heat boiler in the new dry cement production line. That will result in superheated steam to promote the steam to achieve thermal energy - mechanical energy conversion, and then drive the generator to generate electricity, to supply electricity load in the cement production process. The technology only greatly improve the production process of energy use and the protection of the environment, but also greatly improve the economic efficiency of enterprises and enhance the market competitiveness of their products.

2、电机系统节能

2. The energy saving of cement plant motor system

(1) 变压器节能：合理确定变压器容量，使其运行于最佳状态。 更换成新型节能S9 型变压器，减少空载时由铁损，漏磁损耗，激磁电流产生的铁损和负载时由负载电流在变压器线圈电阻上产生的损耗(其大小与负载电流的平方成正比).

(1). Energy saving of transformer: a reasonable determination of the transformer capacity can make it runs in the best condition. Replace with the new energy-saving S9-type transformer to reduce the iron loss, magnetic leakage loss during no-load, the iron loss caused by excitation current and the loss in the transformer coil caused by load current during on-load (it is proportional to the square of the load current). I

(2) 无功补偿节能:无功电源同有功电源一样，是保证电能质量不可缺少的部分。在电力系统中应保持无功平衡，否则将会使系统电压降低、设备损坏、功率因数下降。严重时，会引起电压崩溃，系统解裂，造成大面积停电事故。因此，解决电网的无功容量不足，增装无功补偿设备，提高网络的功率因数，对电网的降损节电，安全可靠运行有着极为重要的意义。

(2). Reactive power compensation: reactive power supply, as same as active power supply, is important to ensure the power quality. Power system should maintain a reactive power balance, otherwise it will reduce the system voltage loss, equipment damage, power factor decrease. More seriously, it will cause the voltage collapse, and the whole system failure, resulting in a large area of power outages. Therefore, to solve the lack of reactive power capacity of the grid, install the reactive power compensation equipment, and improve the network power factor have a very important significance for the power saving, as well as safe and reliable operation .

(3) 除尘设备优化技术改造工程: 加强对除尘设备优化技术改造，有组织排放点达到国家标准。强化清洁生产意识，提高工作标准。加强管理提高维护水平，即有电收尘器应在电场、极板、振打各方面达到技术要求，袋收尘器应逐步选用新型设备，达到清洁生产要求。

(3) Optimization for the dust removal equipment and technology: to strengthen the optimization of technological transformation of dust removal equipment, organized emissions can meet global industry standards; strengthen clean production awareness, and improve work standards; strengthen the management to improve the level of maintenance, that is, electric dust collector should meet technical requirements in the aspects of electric field, polar plate, shaking and so on; bag dust collector should gradually selected new equipment to achieve clean production requirements.

(4)减少用电设备无效运转:提高设备完好率及可靠性，开停生产线时减少设备空载运行时间。选用节电照明灯具，办公场所照明，人员离开及时关闭。

(5)节约用水:加强管理及进行适当改造，杜绝设备冷却用水放长流水

(6)防止油料泄漏: 作好设备密封工作，防止油料泄漏。使用油料回收设备，减少环境污染。

(4) Reduce the ineffective operation of power equipment: improve the availability and reliability of equipment; reduce the no-load running time of the equipment when opening and stopping the cement production line. Use energy-saving lighting devices for office lighting, turn off the lighting devices when leaving.

(5) Economize on water: strengthen management and carry out proper transformation; stop equipment cooling water from long flowing.

(6) Prevent oil leakage: do well the equipment sealing work to prevent oil leakage, and use oil recovery equipment to reduce environmental pollution.

3、窑炉节煤

(1) 使用高性能隔热材料：窑、冷却机、预热器、热风管道等设备上，在新建、检修工程中使用高性能隔热材料减少散热。

(2) 合理设置工艺参数：在配料、窑炉用煤量用风、预热器一级筒出口温度等各生产环节合理设置工艺参数，减少系统漏风，控制排出系统的气体、物料温度，降低总用煤量。

(3) 严格管理:把原煤进厂至使用的全过程纳入科学管理体系中。在计量、取样、质量检验、密码抽样、保管、使用等各生产环节，制定合理制度，规范管理，责任到人。

3. Coal saving of rotary kiln

(1) Adopt high-performance insulation materials: use high-performance insulation materials to reduce heat dissipation when establishing or maintaining rotary kiln, cooler, preheater, hot air duct and other equipment.

(2) Reasonable process parameters: reasonably set the parameters for the ingredients, the coal and gas consumption of rotary kiln the outlet temperature of preheater primary cylinder and other production processes, to reduce the system air leakage, control the gas discharging from system, control material temperature, and reduce the total coal consumption amount.

(3) Strict management: the whole process from raw coal into the factory to putting into use should be brought into the scientific management system. In each production link of measurement, sampling, quality inspection, password sampling, storage and use, formulate a reasonable system, standardize the management, divide responsibility to specific people.